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Case Scenario 1 Home Health Skilled Nursing Care Teaching and Training: Alzheimer's Disease

A53050

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Source Article ID
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Article ID
A53050
Original ICD-9 Article ID
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Article Title
Case Scenario 1 Home Health Skilled Nursing Care Teaching and Training: Alzheimer's Disease
Article Type
Article
Original Effective Date
10/01/2015
Revision Effective Date
10/01/2022
Revision Ending Date
03/13/2024
Retirement Date
03/13/2024

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Going Beyond Diagnosis Case Scenario #1 Palmetto GBA

A beneficiary with moderate Alzheimer’s Disease is unable to bathe and groom herself. The family describes the beneficiary as “uncooperative”. The primary caregiver is a daughter who is trying her best to provide assistance and feels frustrated by the situation, but would like to learn how “to work with her mother” and keep her at home. The beneficiary’s physician has determined that the “uncooperativeness” is the result of receptive language impairments, perceptual misinterpretations, and impairments in learned motor skills – all due to the Alzheimer’s Disease. The teaching services are reasonable and necessary for the beneficiary’s treatment, and to maintain proper hygiene and skin care.

Description of scenario using ICD-10:

G30.0 Alzheimer's disease with early onset
G30.1 Alzheimer's disease with late onset
G30.8 Other Alzheimer's disease
G30.9 Alzheimer's disease, unspecified (Used as a secondary diagnosis)
R48.1 Agnosia
R48.2 Apraxia
R48.8 Other symbolic dysfunctions (Used as a secondary diagnosis)

Additional description of scenario using ICF:

ICF Component: Body Function and Structure
ICF Domain: Mental functions
b117 – Intellectual functions

b167 – Mental functions of language
b1670 – Reception of language
b16700 – Reception of spoken language

b156 – Perceptual functions
b1560 – Auditory perception

b176 – Mental functions of sequencing complex movements

ICF Component: Activities and Participation
ICF Domain: Self-care
d510 – Washing oneself
d5101- Washing whole body

d520 – Caring for body parts
d5200- Caring for skin
d5201- Caring for teeth
d5202- Caring for hair

ICF Component: Environmental Factors
ICF Domain: Support and relationships
e310 – Immediate family

ICF Component: Environmental Factors
ICF Domain: Attitudes
e410 – Individual attitudes of immediate family members

ICF Component: Environmental Factors
ICF Domain: Services, systems and policies
e580 – Health, services, systems and policies
e-5802 – Health policies

Potential Behavioral and Environmental Interventions:

1. Teach the patient’s daughter the primary symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease (amnesia, aphasia, apraxia, and agnosia), and how each of these symptoms can influence the patient’s level of cooperativeness with bathing and grooming activities. A learning objective for the daughter would be to define amnesia, aphasia, apraxia, and agnosia, and to give a clinical example of each symptom that she has encountered while caring for her mother.

2. Teach the daughter how to simplify the patient’s environment to maximize the chance for successful activities of daily living (ADL) encounters. (Examples include, but would not be limited to: daughter having all bathing and grooming supplies ready and available for use before approaching patient, unnecessary items that clutter the bathroom/bedroom are moved out of the way, if a shower is used then add a hand-held shower nozzle so water can be directed and will not frighten the patient by spraying on her face, put liquid soap on washcloths ahead of time, so they can be handed to the patient to use, make sure the environment is the appropriate temperature, bath sponges are often easier for patients to hold and use than washcloths).

3. Use a method of bathing that is familiar to the patient. For example, if the patient always took baths and did not take showers, use a bath now. Consider the time (e.g., morning or evening) that the individual habitually bathed. If she resists shampoos in the home, but historically had her hair done at a beauty shop, consider taking her to one for a shampoo. Consider separating bathing from hair washing, if doing them both together causes agitation.

4. Keep communication simple. Break activities down into steps. Provide one direction at a time. Keep verbal instruction to a minimum and “model” (i.e., demonstrate on yourself) what you want the patient to do, such as pretend to wash your face then hand the patient the washcloth and nod telling her “now you try”. Alternatively you could try guiding the individual’s hand in doing the activity, then removing your hand and letting them try.

5. Be creative with your approach. If she won’t get in the shower or tub on a particular day, wait and try again, or have her wash up at the sink, or wherever she is comfortable. Tell her that mother and daughter are having a “spa day of beauty”. Start with a manicure, which is often less threatening, then move to a facial, pedicure, etc.

6. For dressing, lay clothes out in the order in which she should put them on and have other clothes out of the way.

7. Teach the daughter that the patient will easily pick up on her daughter’s emotions, so the daughter should try to remain as calm as possible, appear relaxed, and smile.

8. The nurse should first demonstrate these techniques to the daughter by doing them with the patient first, then on another visit, the daughter can provide a return demonstration for the nurse to observe.

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Coding Information

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ICD-10-CM Codes that Support Medical Necessity

Group 1

(5 Codes)
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Group 1 Codes
Code Description
G30.0 Alzheimer's disease with early onset
G30.1 Alzheimer's disease with late onset
G30.8 Other Alzheimer's disease
R48.1 Agnosia
R48.2 Apraxia

Group 2

(2 Codes)
Group 2 Paragraph

Secondary

Group 2 Codes
Code Description
G30.9 Alzheimer's disease, unspecified
R48.8 Other symbolic dysfunctions
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Revision History Information

Revision History Date Revision History Number Revision History Explanation
03/13/2024 R6

This article is being retired due to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) no longer being accessible.

10/01/2022 R5

Under Article Text – Description of scenario using ICD-10 removed F02.81. Under ICD-10-CM Codes that Support Medical Necessity Group 1: Codes deleted F02.81. This revision is due to the Annual ICD-10-CM Update and will become effective on 10/1/22.

06/11/2015 R4 Per CMS Internet-Only Manual, Pub 100-08, Medicare Program Integrity Manual, Chapter 13, §13.1.3 LCDs consist of only “reasonable and necessary” information. All bill type and revenue codes have been removed from the LCDs. For consistency, they are also being removed from the articles.
05/21/2015 R3 Under Article Guidance removed red lettering per 508 compliance, made punctuation corrections. Under Bill Type Codes removed 033x Bill Type per Change Request 8244.
10/01/2015 R2 In the Text section of the Article, added "Used as a secondary diagnosis" to applicable codes. Added ICD-10 codes from Text to the ICD-10 Coding Section.
10/01/2015 R1 Article validaiton
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Associated Documents

Medicare BPM Ch 15.50.2 SAD Determinations
Medicare BPM Ch 15.50.2
Related National Coverage Documents
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SAD Process URL 2
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Updated On Effective Dates Status
03/13/2024 10/01/2022 - 03/13/2024 Retired You are here
09/22/2022 10/01/2022 - N/A Superseded View
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Keywords

  • Case Scenario
  • Home Health Case Scenario 1 Home Health Skilled Nursing Care Teaching and Training: Alzheimer's
  • Alzheimer's