SUPERSEDED LCD Reference Article Billing and Coding Article

Billing and Coding: Pulmonary Diagnostic Services

A57127

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Draft Articles are works in progress and not necessarily a reflection of the current billing and coding practices. Revisions to codes are carefully and thoroughly reviewed and are not intended to change the original intent of the LCD.
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Contractor Information

Article Information

General Information

Source Article ID
N/A
Article ID
A57127
Original ICD-9 Article ID
Not Applicable
Article Title
Billing and Coding: Pulmonary Diagnostic Services
Article Type
Billing and Coding
Original Effective Date
10/03/2018
Revision Effective Date
10/01/2021
Revision Ending Date
N/A
Retirement Date
N/A
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Fee schedules, relative value units, conversion factors and/or related components are not assigned by the AMA, are not part of CPT, and the AMA is not recommending their use. The AMA does not directly or indirectly practice medicine or dispense medical services. The AMA assumes no liability for data contained or not contained herein.

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CMS National Coverage Policy

Social Security Act (Title XVIII) Standard References:

  • Title XVIII of the Social Security Act, Section 1833(e) states that no payment shall be made to any provider of services or other person under this part unless there has been furnished such information as may be necessary in order to determine the amounts due such provider or other person under this part for the period with respect to which the amounts are being paid or for any prior period.

Article Guidance

Article Text

This Billing and Coding Article provides billing and coding guidance for Local Coverage Determination (LCD) L33707, Pulmonary Diagnostic Services. Please refer to the LCD for reasonable and necessary requirements.

Coding Guidance

Notice: It is not appropriate to bill Medicare for services that are not covered (as described by the entire LCD) as if they are covered. When billing for non-covered services, use the appropriate modifier.

Procedure code 94150 (Vital Capacity, total) represents a service that has a B-status indicator on the Medicare Fee Schedule for Physician’s services. Therefore, this service is bundled into payment for other services.

Per the LCD, it is expected that procedure code 94070 will only be performed to make an initial diagnosis of asthma.

Per the LCD, it is expected that procedure code 94060 be utilized during the initial diagnostic evaluation of a patient.

Repeat spirometry performed to evaluate the patient's response to newly established treatments, monitor the course of asthma/COPD, or evaluate patient's continuing with symptomatology after initiation of treatment should be utilized with procedure code 94010.

Per the LCD, it is not expected that a pulse oximetry (procedure code 94760 or 94761) for oxygen saturation would routinely be performed with spirometry.

The residual volume (RV) cannot be measured by spirometry and is determined by subtracting the expiratory reserve volume (ERV) from the functional residual capacity (FRC). The FRC cannot be measured by simple spirometry either. Therefore, procedure code 94726 or 94727 should be used when the RV and FRC need to be determined.

Documentation Requirements

  1. All documentation must be maintained in the patient's medical record and made available to the contractor upon request.
  2. Every page of the record must be legible and include appropriate patient identification information (e.g., complete name, dates of service[s]). The documentation must include the legible signature of the physician or non-physician practitioner responsible for and providing the care to the patient.
  3. The submitted medical record must support the use of the selected ICD-10-CM code(s). The submitted CPT/HCPCS code must describe the service performed.
  4. If the provider of the service is other than the ordering/referring physician, the provider of the service must maintain hard copy documentation of test results and interpretation, along with copies of the ordering/referring physician’s order for the studies. The physician must state the clinical indication/medical necessity for the study in his order for the test.
  5. Test results and interpretation must be correlated with the clinical presentation of the patient and documented in the medical records. The specific procedures performed must be used for decision making and not duplicative of information obtained. Therefore, documentation should support that the test results and interpretation were used for the treatment of a specific medical problem by the physician who ordered the services. 

Response To Comments

Number Comment Response
1
N/A

Coding Information

Bill Type Codes

Code Description
999x Not Applicable
N/A

Revenue Codes

Code Description
99999 Not Applicable
N/A

CPT/HCPCS Codes

Group 1

(14 Codes)
Group 1 Paragraph

Note: Procedure code 94150 (Vital Capacity, total) represents a service that has a B-status indicator on the Medicare Fee Schedule for Physician’s services. Therefore, this service is bundled into payment for other services.

Note: Providers are reminded to refer to the long descriptors of the CPT codes in their CPT book.

Group 1 Codes
Code Description
94010 Breathing capacity test
94060 Evaluation of wheezing
94070 Evaluation of wheezing
94150 Vital capacity test
94200 Lung function test (mbc/mvv)
94375 Respiratory flow volume loop
94617 Exercise tst brncspsm w/ecg
94618 Pulmonary stress testing
94619 Exercise tst brncspsm wo ecg
94621 Cardiopulm exercise testing
94726 Pulm funct tst plethysmograp
94727 Pulm function test by gas
94728 Airwy resist by oscillometry
94729 Co/membane diffuse capacity
N/A

CPT/HCPCS Modifiers

Group 1

Group 1 Paragraph

N/A

Group 1 Codes

N/A

N/A

ICD-10-CM Codes that Support Medical Necessity

Group 1

(232 Codes)
Group 1 Paragraph

It is the provider’s responsibility to select codes carried out to the highest level of specificity and selected from the ICD-10-CM code book appropriate to the year in which the service is rendered for the claim(s) submitted.

The following ICD-10-CM codes support medical necessity and provide coverage for CPT codes: 94010, 94060, 94070, 94150, 94200, 94375, 94617, 94618, 94619, 94621, 94726, 94727, 94728 and 94729.

Group 1 Codes
Code Description
B44.81 Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
C33 Malignant neoplasm of trachea
C34.00 Malignant neoplasm of unspecified main bronchus
C34.01 Malignant neoplasm of right main bronchus
C34.02 Malignant neoplasm of left main bronchus
C34.10 Malignant neoplasm of upper lobe, unspecified bronchus or lung
C34.11 Malignant neoplasm of upper lobe, right bronchus or lung
C34.12 Malignant neoplasm of upper lobe, left bronchus or lung
C34.2 Malignant neoplasm of middle lobe, bronchus or lung
C34.30 Malignant neoplasm of lower lobe, unspecified bronchus or lung
C34.31 Malignant neoplasm of lower lobe, right bronchus or lung
C34.32 Malignant neoplasm of lower lobe, left bronchus or lung
C34.80 Malignant neoplasm of overlapping sites of unspecified bronchus and lung
C34.81 Malignant neoplasm of overlapping sites of right bronchus and lung
C34.82 Malignant neoplasm of overlapping sites of left bronchus and lung
C34.90 Malignant neoplasm of unspecified part of unspecified bronchus or lung
C34.91 Malignant neoplasm of unspecified part of right bronchus or lung
C34.92 Malignant neoplasm of unspecified part of left bronchus or lung
C78.00 Secondary malignant neoplasm of unspecified lung
C78.01 Secondary malignant neoplasm of right lung
C78.02 Secondary malignant neoplasm of left lung
C78.30 Secondary malignant neoplasm of unspecified respiratory organ
C78.39 Secondary malignant neoplasm of other respiratory organs
D14.2 Benign neoplasm of trachea
D14.30 Benign neoplasm of unspecified bronchus and lung
D14.31 Benign neoplasm of right bronchus and lung
D14.32 Benign neoplasm of left bronchus and lung
D57.01 Hb-SS disease with acute chest syndrome
D57.211 Sickle-cell/Hb-C disease with acute chest syndrome
D57.411 Sickle-cell thalassemia, unspecified, with acute chest syndrome
D57.811 Other sickle-cell disorders with acute chest syndrome
D86.0 Sarcoidosis of lung
D86.1 Sarcoidosis of lymph nodes
D86.2 Sarcoidosis of lung with sarcoidosis of lymph nodes
D86.3 Sarcoidosis of skin
D86.81 Sarcoid meningitis
D86.82 Multiple cranial nerve palsies in sarcoidosis
D86.83 Sarcoid iridocyclitis
D86.84 Sarcoid pyelonephritis
D86.85 Sarcoid myocarditis
D86.86 Sarcoid arthropathy
D86.87 Sarcoid myositis
D86.89 Sarcoidosis of other sites
D86.9 Sarcoidosis, unspecified
E84.0 Cystic fibrosis with pulmonary manifestations
E84.19 Cystic fibrosis with other intestinal manifestations
G02 Meningitis in other infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere
G47.30 Sleep apnea, unspecified
I26.01 Septic pulmonary embolism with acute cor pulmonale
I26.02 Saddle embolus of pulmonary artery with acute cor pulmonale
I26.09 Other pulmonary embolism with acute cor pulmonale
I26.90 Septic pulmonary embolism without acute cor pulmonale
I26.92 Saddle embolus of pulmonary artery without acute cor pulmonale
I26.93 Single subsegmental pulmonary embolism without acute cor pulmonale
I26.94 Multiple subsegmental pulmonary emboli without acute cor pulmonale
I26.99 Other pulmonary embolism without acute cor pulmonale
J17 Pneumonia in diseases classified elsewhere
J18.8 Other pneumonia, unspecified organism
J18.9 Pneumonia, unspecified organism
J20.0 Acute bronchitis due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae
J20.1 Acute bronchitis due to Hemophilus influenzae
J20.2 Acute bronchitis due to streptococcus
J20.3 Acute bronchitis due to coxsackievirus
J20.4 Acute bronchitis due to parainfluenza virus
J20.5 Acute bronchitis due to respiratory syncytial virus
J20.6 Acute bronchitis due to rhinovirus
J20.7 Acute bronchitis due to echovirus
J20.8 Acute bronchitis due to other specified organisms
J20.9 Acute bronchitis, unspecified
J21.0 Acute bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus
J21.1 Acute bronchiolitis due to human metapneumovirus
J21.8 Acute bronchiolitis due to other specified organisms
J21.9 Acute bronchiolitis, unspecified
J22 Unspecified acute lower respiratory infection
J39.8 Other specified diseases of upper respiratory tract
J40 Bronchitis, not specified as acute or chronic
J41.0 Simple chronic bronchitis
J41.1 Mucopurulent chronic bronchitis
J41.8 Mixed simple and mucopurulent chronic bronchitis
J42 Unspecified chronic bronchitis
J43.0 Unilateral pulmonary emphysema [MacLeod's syndrome]
J43.1 Panlobular emphysema
J43.2 Centrilobular emphysema
J43.8 Other emphysema
J43.9 Emphysema, unspecified
J44.0 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with (acute) lower respiratory infection
J44.1 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with (acute) exacerbation
J44.9 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, unspecified
J45.20 Mild intermittent asthma, uncomplicated
J45.21 Mild intermittent asthma with (acute) exacerbation
J45.22 Mild intermittent asthma with status asthmaticus
J45.30 Mild persistent asthma, uncomplicated
J45.31 Mild persistent asthma with (acute) exacerbation
J45.32 Mild persistent asthma with status asthmaticus
J45.40 Moderate persistent asthma, uncomplicated
J45.41 Moderate persistent asthma with (acute) exacerbation
J45.42 Moderate persistent asthma with status asthmaticus
J45.50 Severe persistent asthma, uncomplicated
J45.51 Severe persistent asthma with (acute) exacerbation
J45.52 Severe persistent asthma with status asthmaticus
J45.901 Unspecified asthma with (acute) exacerbation
J45.902 Unspecified asthma with status asthmaticus
J45.909 Unspecified asthma, uncomplicated
J45.990 Exercise induced bronchospasm
J45.991 Cough variant asthma
J45.998 Other asthma
J47.0 Bronchiectasis with acute lower respiratory infection
J47.1 Bronchiectasis with (acute) exacerbation
J47.9 Bronchiectasis, uncomplicated
J60 Coalworker's pneumoconiosis
J61 Pneumoconiosis due to asbestos and other mineral fibers
J62.0 Pneumoconiosis due to talc dust
J62.8 Pneumoconiosis due to other dust containing silica
J63.0 Aluminosis (of lung)
J63.1 Bauxite fibrosis (of lung)
J63.2 Berylliosis
J63.3 Graphite fibrosis (of lung)
J63.4 Siderosis
J63.5 Stannosis
J63.6 Pneumoconiosis due to other specified inorganic dusts
J64 Unspecified pneumoconiosis
J65 Pneumoconiosis associated with tuberculosis
J66.0 Byssinosis
J66.1 Flax-dressers' disease
J66.2 Cannabinosis
J66.8 Airway disease due to other specific organic dusts
J67.0 Farmer's lung
J67.1 Bagassosis
J67.2 Bird fancier's lung
J67.3 Suberosis
J67.4 Maltworker's lung
J67.5 Mushroom-worker's lung
J67.6 Maple-bark-stripper's lung
J67.7 Air conditioner and humidifier lung
J67.8 Hypersensitivity pneumonitis due to other organic dusts
J67.9 Hypersensitivity pneumonitis due to unspecified organic dust
J68.4 Chronic respiratory conditions due to chemicals, gases, fumes and vapors
J68.8 Other respiratory conditions due to chemicals, gases, fumes and vapors
J68.9 Unspecified respiratory condition due to chemicals, gases, fumes and vapors
J70.0 Acute pulmonary manifestations due to radiation
J70.1 Chronic and other pulmonary manifestations due to radiation
J70.2 Acute drug-induced interstitial lung disorders
J70.3 Chronic drug-induced interstitial lung disorders
J70.4 Drug-induced interstitial lung disorders, unspecified
J70.5 Respiratory conditions due to smoke inhalation
J70.8 Respiratory conditions due to other specified external agents
J70.9 Respiratory conditions due to unspecified external agent
J80 Acute respiratory distress syndrome
J81.0 Acute pulmonary edema
J82.81 Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia
J82.82 Acute eosinophilic pneumonia
J82.83 Eosinophilic asthma
J82.89 Other pulmonary eosinophilia, not elsewhere classified
J84.01 Alveolar proteinosis
J84.02 Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis
J84.09 Other alveolar and parieto-alveolar conditions
J84.10 Pulmonary fibrosis, unspecified
J84.111 Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, not otherwise specified
J84.112 Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
J84.113 Idiopathic non-specific interstitial pneumonitis
J84.114 Acute interstitial pneumonitis
J84.115 Respiratory bronchiolitis interstitial lung disease
J84.116 Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia
J84.117 Desquamative interstitial pneumonia
J84.170 Interstitial lung disease with progressive fibrotic phenotype in diseases classified elsewhere
J84.178 Other interstitial pulmonary diseases with fibrosis in diseases classified elsewhere
J84.2 Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia
J84.81 Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
J84.82 Adult pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis
J84.89 Other specified interstitial pulmonary diseases
J84.9 Interstitial pulmonary disease, unspecified
J95.1 Acute pulmonary insufficiency following thoracic surgery
J95.2 Acute pulmonary insufficiency following nonthoracic surgery
J95.3 Chronic pulmonary insufficiency following surgery
J95.821 Acute postprocedural respiratory failure
J95.822 Acute and chronic postprocedural respiratory failure
J95.84 Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)
J96.00 Acute respiratory failure, unspecified whether with hypoxia or hypercapnia
J96.01 Acute respiratory failure with hypoxia
J96.02 Acute respiratory failure with hypercapnia
J96.10 Chronic respiratory failure, unspecified whether with hypoxia or hypercapnia
J96.11 Chronic respiratory failure with hypoxia
J96.12 Chronic respiratory failure with hypercapnia
J96.20 Acute and chronic respiratory failure, unspecified whether with hypoxia or hypercapnia
J96.21 Acute and chronic respiratory failure with hypoxia
J96.22 Acute and chronic respiratory failure with hypercapnia
J96.90 Respiratory failure, unspecified, unspecified whether with hypoxia or hypercapnia
J96.91 Respiratory failure, unspecified with hypoxia
J96.92 Respiratory failure, unspecified with hypercapnia
J98.01 Acute bronchospasm
J98.09 Other diseases of bronchus, not elsewhere classified
J98.11 Atelectasis
J98.19 Other pulmonary collapse
J98.2 Interstitial emphysema
J98.3 Compensatory emphysema
J98.4 Other disorders of lung
J98.6 Disorders of diaphragm
J98.8 Other specified respiratory disorders
J99 Respiratory disorders in diseases classified elsewhere
M31.0 Hypersensitivity angiitis
M32.13 Lung involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus
M33.01 Juvenile dermatomyositis with respiratory involvement
M33.11 Other dermatomyositis with respiratory involvement
M33.21 Polymyositis with respiratory involvement
M33.91 Dermatopolymyositis, unspecified with respiratory involvement
M34.81 Systemic sclerosis with lung involvement
M35.02 Sjogren syndrome with lung involvement
R04.2 Hemoptysis
R04.89 Hemorrhage from other sites in respiratory passages
R04.9 Hemorrhage from respiratory passages, unspecified
R05.1 Acute cough
R05.2 Subacute cough
R05.3 Chronic cough
R05.4 Cough syncope
R05.8 Other specified cough
R05.9 Cough, unspecified
R06.00 Dyspnea, unspecified
R06.01 Orthopnea
R06.02 Shortness of breath
R06.03 Acute respiratory distress
R06.09 Other forms of dyspnea
R06.2 Wheezing
R06.3 Periodic breathing
R06.81 Apnea, not elsewhere classified
R06.82 Tachypnea, not elsewhere classified
R06.83 Snoring
R06.89 Other abnormalities of breathing
R09.2 Respiratory arrest
R91.1 Solitary pulmonary nodule
R91.8 Other nonspecific abnormal finding of lung field
Z01.811 Encounter for preprocedural respiratory examination
Z51.81 Encounter for therapeutic drug level monitoring
N/A

ICD-10-CM Codes that DO NOT Support Medical Necessity

Group 1

(1 Code)
Group 1 Paragraph

All those not listed under the “ICD-10 Codes that Support Medical Necessity” section of this article.

Group 1 Codes
Code Description
XX000 Not Applicable
N/A

ICD-10-PCS Codes

Group 1

Group 1 Paragraph

N/A

Group 1 Codes

N/A

N/A

Additional ICD-10 Information

N/A

Bill Type Codes

Contractors may specify Bill Types to help providers identify those Bill Types typically used to report this service. Absence of a Bill Type does not guarantee that the article does not apply to that Bill Type. Complete absence of all Bill Types indicates that coverage is not influenced by Bill Type and the article should be assumed to apply equally to all claims.

Code Description
999x Not Applicable
N/A

Revenue Codes

Contractors may specify Revenue Codes to help providers identify those Revenue Codes typically used to report this service. In most instances Revenue Codes are purely advisory. Unless specified in the article, services reported under other Revenue Codes are equally subject to this coverage determination. Complete absence of all Revenue Codes indicates that coverage is not influenced by Revenue Code and the article should be assumed to apply equally to all Revenue Codes.

Code Description
99999 Not Applicable
N/A

Other Coding Information

Group 1

Group 1 Paragraph

N/A

Group 1 Codes

N/A

N/A

Coding Table Information

Excluded CPT/HCPCS Codes - Table Format
Code Descriptor Generic Name Descriptor Brand Name Exclusion Effective Date Exclusion End Date Reason for Exclusion
N/A N/A
N/A
Non-Excluded CPT/HCPCS Ended Codes - Table Format
Code Descriptor Generic Name Descriptor Brand Name Exclusion Effective Date Exclusion End Date Reason for Exclusion
N/A

Revision History Information

Revision History Date Revision History Number Revision History Explanation
10/01/2021 R5

Article revised and published on 10/14/2021 effective for dates of service on and after 10/01/2021 to reflect the ICD-10-CM Codes Annual Updates. The following ICD-10-CM codes have undergone a descriptor change: M35.02

The following ICD-10-CM code has been deleted from the Group 1 ICD-10-CM codes that support medical necessity: R05.

The following ICD-10-CM codes have been added to the ICD-10-CM Group 1 codes that support medical necessity: R05.1, R05.2, R05.3, R05.4, R05.8, and R05.9. Minor formatting revisions have been made throughout the article.

01/01/2021 R4

Article revised and published on 02/11/2021 effective for dates of service on and after 01/01/2021 to reflect the Annual 2021 HCPCS/CPT Code Updates.

The following CPT code 94619 has been added to the “CPT/HCPCS Code/Group 1 Codes:” and the “ICD-10 Codes that Support Medical Necessity/Group 1 Paragraph:” sections of the Article. Also, the following CPT codes 94250 and 94750 have been deleted and therefore have been removed from the “CPT/HCPCS Code/Group 1 Codes:” and the “ICD-10 Codes that Support Medical Necessity Group 1 Paragraph:” sections of the Article.

In addition, for the following CPT code 94617 the short description was changed. Depending on which description is used in this article, there may not be any change in how the code displays in “CPT/HCPCS Code/ Group 1 Codes:” section of the Article. Also, minor formatting changes made throughout the coding section.?

10/01/2020 R3

Revision Number: 3
Publication: September 2020 Connection
LCR A/B2020-065

Explanation of Revision: Based on CR 11895 and CR 11845 (Annual 2021 ICD-10-CM Update), the following ICD-10-CM code(s) have undergone a descriptor change to the “ICD-10 Codes that Support Medical Necessity/Group 1 Paragraph” section: D57.411 also the following ICD-10-CM code(s) have been deleted from the “ICD-10 Codes that Support Medical Necessity/Group 1 Paragraph” section: J82 and J82.17 and the following ICD-10-CM code(s) have been added to the “ICD-10 Codes that Support Medical Necessity/Group 1 Paragraph” section: J82.81, J82.82, J82.83, J82.89, J84.170 and J84.178. Article revised and published on 10/01/2020 effective for dates of service on and after 10/01/2020 to reflect the Annual ICD-10-CM Code updates.

07/01/2020 R2

Revision Number: 2
Publication: June 2020 Connection
LCR A/B2020-047

Explanation of Revision: Based on a CMS directive, the “Coding Guidelines” section of the billing and coding article was revised to remove language regarding patient initiated spirometry. The effective date of this revision is based on date of service.

01/01/2020 R1

Revision Number: 1
Publication: December 2019 Connection
LCR A/B2019-001

Explanation of Revision: Annual 2020 HCPCS Update. Descriptor revised for CPT code 94728. The effective date of this revision is based on date of service.

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Associated Documents

Medicare BPM Ch 15.50.2 SAD Determinations
Medicare BPM Ch 15.50.2
Related Local Coverage Documents
LCDs
L33707 - Pulmonary Diagnostic Services
Related National Coverage Documents
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